2021考研英語一新題型詳細解題技巧

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一、考察形式

填空式閱讀也稱作7選5：實際是一種特殊的完型填空題，把一篇500詞左右文章的五個地方挖空，要求考生根據文章內容從給出的6-7段文字中選擇能分別放進文章中5個空白處的5段。

二、考點分析

1. 詞匯銜接關系—詞匯復現：名詞、動詞、形容詞或者副詞復現。文章脈絡需要詞匯的復現，指某一詞以原詞重復、同義詞或近義詞、上下義關系等形式重復出現。

例：In his work, he attempted to show how all aspects of culture changed together in the evolution of societies. (42)

[E] Thus, in his view, diverse aspects of culture, such as the structure of families, forms of marriage, categories of kinship, ownership of property, forms of government, technology, and systems of food production, all changed as societies evolved.對比選項可知， 選項[E]中出現了diverse aspects of culture這樣的信息，和(42)前面的all aspects of culture形成了原短語復現關系，因此初步判斷是正確答案，再根據其他線索可以驗證。

2. 指代關系銜接—第三人稱：主要利用第三人稱指代關系。主要關注空格后第一句十個單詞范圍內的指代。常會出現關鍵線索：he/his/him/they, the+N, such (a)+N, his+N, those+N, these+N

例：Humans are unique in their capacity to not only make tools but then turn around and use them to create superfluous material goods - paintings, sculpture and architecture - and superfluous experiences - music, literature, religion and philosophy. (43)

[A] Of course, it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human. Downloading and consuming culture requires great skills, but failing to move beyond downloading is to strip oneself of a defining constituent of humanity. [A]選項中出現指代these superfluous things，去每一個選項空格前找superfluous things或者具體的指代內容，通過對比(43)前出現了superfluous，后面也有并列名詞，可判定(43)選A。

3. 邏輯關系詞銜接：當已知信息中出現并列、轉折、因果、總分的邏輯關系詞時，我們就可以利用它們去找相似點，將已知信息和未知信息聯系在一起。

并列關系：and;as well as; or; too; also

總分關系：generally; all in all; on the whole; for example; particularly

因果關系：because;for this reason; so; therefore

對比關系：some…others… ;the majority…. The minority… ; on the one hand,… on the other hand… ; similarly/ equally; other… another…

例：You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and clues. (42)

[E]. You make further inferences, for instance, about how the text may be significant to you, or about its validity — inferences that from the basis of personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible.

E選項You make further inferences, for instance…中的inferences，the author，personal與此題空前后的infer, the writer和each reader實現同義詞復現，直接鎖定答案。

4. 時間/地點/數字銜接：一般作者在展開一篇文章時，可能會涉及到時間、地點、數字以支撐自己的觀點。我們就可以利用選擇和空格前后相關信息找銜接關系。

例：Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords “environmental changed” or “climate change” have increased rapidly since 2004, (43)

[B] However,the numbers are still small:in 2010,about 1,600 of the 100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of these Keywords. 選項中[B]出現了數字，去5個空格出找有數字的地方，只有43，而且通過詞匯復現the number和the numbers，選項B有一個轉折詞“however”，這說明其表達的含義與空格前信息相反，該選項提到“the numbers are still small”，空前信息是“the number ... increased rapidly”，兩者在語意上構成了明顯的轉折關系。所以正確答案即為B。

技巧只是能夠幫助大家快速提高準確率的指導方法，要想熟練使用技巧，大家還需要大量做試題。